Research
Long COVID
Research into Long COVID shows how infections, autoimmune responses, and other immune-mediated processes can drive inflammation in the brain, potentially triggering or worsening neuropsychiatric or neurocognitive symptoms.
Featured and Impactful Research
Genome-wide association study of long COVID identifies multiple genetic risk loci
Authors: Lammi, V., Delahaye, F., Porcu, E., et al.
Journal: Nature Genetics, 2025
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02100-w
Brief Summary: Identifies genetic variants associated with increased susceptibility to long COVID, providing insights into biological mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
NIH RECOVER-VITAL Trial: Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for the treatment of PASC (Long COVID)
Authors: National Institutes of Health
Journal: ClinicalTrials.gov, 2024
DOI: N/A
Brief Summary: Clinical trial evaluating antiviral therapy (Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir) for treating post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, focusing on symptom reduction and functional recovery.
RECOVER-AUTONOMIC: Ivabradine for the treatment of autonomic dysfunction in PASC (Long COVID)
Authors: National Institutes of Health
Journal: ClinicalTrials.gov, 2024
DOI: N/A
Brief Summary: Investigates the efficacy of Ivabradine for treating postural and autonomic dysfunction in long COVID patients, aiming to improve cardiovascular regulation and quality of life.
Immune-based prediction of COVID-19 severity and chronicity decoded using machine learning
Authors: Patterson, B. K., Francisco, E. B., Yogendra, R., et al.
Journal: Frontiers in Immunology, 2022
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843384
Brief Summary: Uses immune profiling and machine learning to identify biomarkers predictive of COVID-19 severity and the likelihood of developing long COVID.
Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Authors: Nalbandian, A., Sehgal, K., Gupta, A., et al.
Journal: Nature Medicine, 2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01283-z
Brief Summary: Comprehensive review of long COVID, detailing persistent symptoms, organ-specific sequelae, and proposed underlying biological mechanisms.
6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236,379 survivors of COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Taquet, M., Geddes, J. R., Husain, M., Luciano, S., & Harrison, P. J.
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry, 2021
DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00084-5
Brief Summary: Examines long-term neurological and psychiatric outcomes following COVID-19, showing increased risk for cognitive impairment, mood disorders, and neuropsychiatric conditions.
Attributes and predictors of long-COVID: Analysis of COVID cases and their symptoms collected by the COVID Symptoms Study App
Authors: Sudre, C. H., Murray, B., Varsavsky, T., et al.
Journal: Nature Medicine, 2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01292-y
Brief Summary: Identifies demographic, clinical, and symptom-based predictors of long COVID, using data from a large community-based cohort.
Persistent brainstem dysfunction in long-COVID: A hypothesis
Authors: Yong, S. J.
Journal: ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2021
DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00793
Brief Summary: Proposes that long COVID symptoms may result from persistent brainstem dysfunction, linking neuroimmune mechanisms to autonomic and neurological sequelae.
A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus
Authors: World Health Organization Clinical Case Definition Working Group on Post-COVID-19 Condition
Journal: World Health Organization, 2021
DOI: N/A
Brief Summary: Provides an internationally agreed clinical case definition for post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID), to standardize diagnosis and research criteria.
Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An overview of biological factors that may contribute to persistent symptoms
Authors: Proal, A. D., & VanElzakker, M. B.
Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology, 2021
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.698169
Brief Summary: Reviews biological mechanisms contributing to long COVID, including immune dysregulation, viral persistence, microvascular injury, and autonomic dysfunction.
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